[lxc-devel] [PATCH 1/2] Setup devtmpfs and /dev for autodev bind mounts.

Michael H. Warfield mhw at WittsEnd.com
Tue Nov 19 21:47:39 UTC 2013


On Tue, 2013-11-19 at 14:53 -0600, Serge Hallyn wrote: 
> Quoting Michael H. Warfield (mhw at WittsEnd.com):
> > If autodev is not specifically set to 0 or 1, attempts to determine if
> > systemd is being utilized and forces autodev=1 to prevent host system
> > conflicts and collisions.
> > 
> > If autodev is enabled and the host /dev is mounted with devtmpfs
> > or /dev/.lxc is mounted with another file system...
> > 
> > Each container created by a privileged user gets a /dev directory
> > mapped off the host /dev here:
> > 
> > 	/dev/.lxc/${name}.$( hash $lxcpath/$name )
> > 
> > Each container created by a non-privileged user gets a /dev/directory
> > mapped off the host /dev here:
> > 
> > 	/dev/.lxc/user/${name}.$( hash $lxcpath/$name )
> > 
> > The /dev/.lxc/user is mode 1777 to allow unpriv access.
> > 
> > The /dev/.lxc/{containerdev} is bind mounted into the container /dev.
> > 
> > Fallback on failure is to mount tmpfs into the container /dev.
> > 
> > A symlink is created from $lxcpath/$name/rootfs.dev back to the /dev
> > relative directory to provid a code consistent reference for updating
> > container devs.
> 
> Hi Michael,
> 
> I haven't run it, but looking over the code in detail, it looks good
> to me.  I know Stéphane in the past has objected to trying to autodetect
> systemd based containers.  IMO it'd be fine to expect the templates to
> set lxc.autodev, as I worry about building distro-detecting hacks into
> core lxc, but unless Stéphane objects I don't care enough in this case
> to nack it.

> Did you consider this patch good enough to apply, or was this still an
> RFC?  I'm happy either way.

I do consider it ready, which is why I, belatedly, signed off on it.

> Acked-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn at ubuntu.com>

Regards,
Mike

> 
> > ---
> >  src/lxc/conf.c  | 369 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
> >  src/lxc/conf.h  |   4 +-
> >  src/lxc/start.c |   2 +-
> >  3 files changed, 363 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)
> > 
> > diff --git a/src/lxc/conf.c b/src/lxc/conf.c
> > index a756731..d17cb2a 100644
> > --- a/src/lxc/conf.c
> > +++ b/src/lxc/conf.c
> > @@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
> >  #include <string.h>
> >  #include <dirent.h>
> >  #include <unistd.h>
> > +#include <inttypes.h>
> >  #include <sys/wait.h>
> >  #include <sys/syscall.h>
> >  #include <time.h>
> > @@ -1164,20 +1165,275 @@ static int setup_rootfs_pivot_root(const char *rootfs, const char *pivotdir)
> >  	return 0;
> >  }
> >  
> > +
> > +/*
> > + * Note: This is a verbatum copy of what is in monitor.c.  We're just
> > + * usint it here to generate a safe subdirectory in /dev/ for the
> > + * containers /dev/
> > + */
> > +
> > +/* Note we don't use SHA-1 here as we don't want to depend on HAVE_GNUTLS.
> > + * FNV has good anti collision properties and we're not worried
> > + * about pre-image resistance or one-way-ness, we're just trying to make
> > + * the name unique in the 108 bytes of space we have.
> > + */
> > +#define FNV1A_64_INIT ((uint64_t)0xcbf29ce484222325ULL)
> > +static uint64_t fnv_64a_buf(void *buf, size_t len, uint64_t hval)
> > +{
> > +	unsigned char *bp;
> > +
> > +	for(bp = buf; bp < (unsigned char *)buf + len; bp++)
> > +	{
> > +		/* xor the bottom with the current octet */
> > +		hval ^= (uint64_t)*bp;
> > +
> > +		/* gcc optimised:
> > +		 * multiply by the 64 bit FNV magic prime mod 2^64
> > +		 */
> > +		hval += (hval << 1) + (hval << 4) + (hval << 5) +
> > +			(hval << 7) + (hval << 8) + (hval << 40);
> > +	}
> > +
> > +	return hval;
> > +}
> > +
> > +/*
> > + * Check to see if a directory has something mounted on it and,
> > + * if it does, return the fstype.
> > + *
> > + * Code largely based on detect_shared_rootfs below
> > + *
> > + * Returns: # of matching entries in /proc/self/mounts
> > + * 	if != 0 fstype is filled with the last filesystem value.
> > + * 	if == 0 no matches found, fstype unchanged.
> > + *
> > + * ToDo: Maybe return the mount options in another parameter...
> > + */
> > +
> > +#define LINELEN 4096
> > +#define MAX_FSTYPE_LEN 128
> > +int mount_check_fs( const char *dir, char *fstype )
> > +{
> > +	char buf[LINELEN], *p;
> > +	struct stat s;
> > +	FILE *f;
> > +	int found_fs = 0;
> > +	char *p2;
> > +
> > +	DEBUG("entering mount_check_fs for %s\n", dir);
> > +
> > +	if ( 0 != access(dir, F_OK) || 0 != stat(dir, &s) || 0 == S_ISDIR(s.st_mode) ) {
> > +		return 0;
> > +	}
> > +
> > +	process_lock();
> > +	f = fopen("/proc/self/mounts", "r");
> > +	process_unlock();
> > +	if (!f)
> > +		return 0;
> > +	while ((p = fgets(buf, LINELEN, f))) {
> > +		p = index(buf, ' ');
> > +		if( !p )
> > +			continue;
> > +		*p = '\0';
> > +		p2 = p + 1;
> > +
> > +		p = index(p2, ' ');
> > +		if( !p )
> > +			continue;
> > +		*p = '\0';
> > +
> > +		/* Compare the directory in the entry to desired */
> > +		if( strcmp( p2, dir ) ) {
> > +			continue;
> > +		}
> > +
> > +		p2 = p + 1;
> > +		p = index( p2, ' ');
> > +		if( !p )
> > +			continue;
> > +		*p = '\0';
> > +
> > +		++found_fs;
> > +
> > +		if( fstype ) {
> > +			strncpy( fstype, p2, MAX_FSTYPE_LEN - 1 );
> > +			fstype [ MAX_FSTYPE_LEN - 1 ] = '\0';
> > +		}
> > +	}
> > +
> > +	process_lock();
> > +	fclose(f);
> > +	process_unlock();
> > +
> > +	DEBUG("mount_check_fs returning %d last %s\n", found_fs, fstype);
> > +
> > +	return found_fs;
> > +}
> > +
> > +/*
> > + * Locate a devtmpfs mount (should be on /dev) and create a container
> > + * subdirectory on it which we can then bind mount to the container
> > + * /dev instead of mounting a tmpfs there.
> > + * If we fail, return NULL.
> > + * Else return the pointer to the name buffer with the string to
> > + * the devtmpfs subdirectory.
> > + */
> > +
> > +char *mk_devtmpfs(const char *name, char *path, const char *lxcpath)
> > +{
> > +	int ret;
> > +	struct stat s;
> > +	char tmp_path[MAXPATHLEN];
> > +	char fstype[MAX_FSTYPE_LEN];
> > +	char *base_path = "/dev/.lxc"; 
> > +	char *user_path = "/dev/.lxc/user"; 
> > +	uint64_t hash;
> > +
> > +	if ( 0 != access(base_path, F_OK) || 0 != stat(base_path, &s) || 0 == S_ISDIR(s.st_mode) ) {
> > +		/* This is just making /dev/.lxc it better work or we're done */
> > +		ret = mkdir(base_path, S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH);
> > +		if ( ret ) {
> > +			SYSERROR( "Unable to create /dev/.lxc for autodev" );
> > +			return NULL;
> > +		}
> > +	}
> > +
> > +	/*
> > +	 * Programmers notes:
> > +	 * 	We can not do mounts in this area of code that we want
> > +	 * 	to be visible in the host.  Consequently, /dev/.lxc must
> > +	 * 	be set up earlier if we need a tmpfs mounted there.
> > +	 * 	That only affects the rare cases where autodev is enabled
> > +	 * 	for a container and devtmpfs is not mounted on /dev in the
> > +	 * 	host.  In that case, we'll fall back to the old method
> > +	 * 	of mounting a tmpfs in the container and have no visibility
> > +	 * 	into the container /dev.
> > +	 */
> > +	if( ! mount_check_fs( "/dev", fstype )
> > +		|| strcmp( "devtmpfs", fstype ) ) {
> > +		/* Either /dev was not mounted or was not devtmpfs */
> > +
> > +		if ( ! mount_check_fs( "/dev/.lxc", NULL ) ) {
> > +			/*
> > +			 * /dev/.lxc is not already mounted
> > +			 * Doing a mount here does no good, since
> > +			 * it's not visible in the host.
> > +			 */
> > +
> > +			ERROR("/dev/.lxc is not setup - taking fallback" );
> > +			return NULL;
> > +		}
> > +	}
> > +
> > +	if ( 0 != access(user_path, F_OK) || 0 != stat(user_path, &s) || 0 == S_ISDIR(s.st_mode) ) {
> > +		/*
> > +		 * This is making /dev/.lxc/user path for non-priv users.
> > +		 * If this doesn't work, we'll have to fall back in the
> > +		 * case of non-priv users.  It's mode 1777 like /tmp.
> > +		 */
> > +		ret = mkdir(user_path, S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO | S_ISVTX);
> > +		if ( ret ) {
> > +			/* Issue an error but don't fail yet! */
> > +			ERROR("Unable to create /dev/.lxc/user");
> > +		}
> > +		/* Umask tends to screw us up here */
> > +		chmod(user_path, S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO | S_ISVTX);
> > +	}
> > +
> > +	/*
> > +	 * Since the container name must be unique within a given
> > +	 * lxcpath, we're going to use a hash of the path
> > +	 * /lxcpath/name as our hash name in /dev/.lxc/
> > +	 */
> > + 
> > +	ret = snprintf(tmp_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s", lxcpath, name);
> > +	if (ret < 0 || ret >= MAXPATHLEN)
> > +		return NULL;
> > +
> > +	hash = fnv_64a_buf(tmp_path, ret, FNV1A_64_INIT);
> > +
> > +	ret = snprintf(tmp_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s.%016" PRIx64, base_path, name, hash);
> > +	if (ret < 0 || ret >= MAXPATHLEN)
> > +		return NULL;
> > +
> > +	if ( 0 != access(tmp_path, F_OK) || 0 != stat(tmp_path, &s) || 0 == S_ISDIR(s.st_mode) ) {
> > +		ret = mkdir(tmp_path, S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH);
> > +		if ( ret ) {
> > +			/* Something must have failed with the base_path...
> > +			 * Maybe unpriv user.  Try user_path now... */
> > +			INFO("Setup in /dev/.lxc failed.  Trying /dev/.lxc/user." );
> > +
> > +			ret = snprintf(tmp_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s.%016" PRIx64, user_path, name, hash);
> > +			if (ret < 0 || ret >= MAXPATHLEN)
> > +				return NULL;
> > +
> > +			if ( 0 != access(tmp_path, F_OK) || 0 != stat(tmp_path, &s) || 0 == S_ISDIR(s.st_mode) ) {
> > +				ret = mkdir(tmp_path, S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH);
> > +				if ( ret ) {
> > +					ERROR("Container /dev setup in host /dev failed - taking fallback" );
> > +					return NULL;
> > +				}
> > +			}
> > +		}
> > +	}
> > +
> > +	strcpy( path, tmp_path );
> > +	return path;
> > +}
> > +
> > +
> >  /*
> >   * Do we want to add options for max size of /dev and a file to
> >   * specify which devices to create?
> >   */
> > -static int mount_autodev(char *root)
> > +static int mount_autodev(const char *name, char *root, const char *lxcpath)
> >  {
> >  	int ret;
> > +	struct stat s;
> >  	char path[MAXPATHLEN];
> > +	char host_path[MAXPATHLEN];
> > +	char devtmpfs_path[MAXPATHLEN];
> >  
> >  	INFO("Mounting /dev under %s\n", root);
> > +
> > +	ret = snprintf(host_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s/rootfs.dev", lxcpath, name);
> > +	if (ret < 0 || ret > MAXPATHLEN)
> > +		return -1;
> > +
> >  	ret = snprintf(path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/dev", root);
> >  	if (ret < 0 || ret > MAXPATHLEN)
> >  		return -1;
> > -	ret = mount("none", path, "tmpfs", 0, "size=100000");
> > +
> > +	if (mk_devtmpfs( name, devtmpfs_path, lxcpath ) ) {
> > +		/*
> > +		 * Get rid of old links and directoriess
> > +		 * This could be either a symlink and we remove it,
> > +		 * or an empty directory and we remove it,
> > +		 * or non-existant and we don't care,
> > +		 * or a non-empty directory, and we will then emit an error
> > +		 * but we will not fail out the process.
> > +		 */
> > +		unlink( host_path );
> > +		rmdir( host_path );
> > +		ret = symlink(devtmpfs_path, host_path);
> > +
> > +		if ( ret < 0 ) {
> > +			SYSERROR("WARNING: Failed to create symlink '%s'->'%s'\n", host_path, devtmpfs_path);
> > +		}
> > +		DEBUG("Bind mounting %s to %s", devtmpfs_path , path );
> > +		ret = mount(devtmpfs_path, path, NULL, MS_BIND, 0 );
> > +	} else {
> > +		/* Only mount a tmpfs on here if we don't already a mount */
> > +		if ( ! mount_check_fs( host_path, NULL ) ) {
> > +			DEBUG("Mounting tmpfs to %s", host_path );
> > +			ret = mount("none", path, "tmpfs", 0, "size=100000");
> > +		} else {
> > +			/* This allows someone to manually set up a mount */
> > +			DEBUG("Bind mounting %s to %s", host_path, path );
> > +			ret = mount(host_path , path, NULL, MS_BIND, 0 );
> > +		}
> > +	}
> >  	if (ret) {
> >  		SYSERROR("Failed to mount /dev at %s\n", root);
> >  		return -1;
> > @@ -1185,10 +1441,16 @@ static int mount_autodev(char *root)
> >  	ret = snprintf(path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/dev/pts", root);
> >  	if (ret < 0 || ret >= MAXPATHLEN)
> >  		return -1;
> > -	ret = mkdir(path, S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH);
> > -	if (ret) {
> > -		SYSERROR("Failed to create /dev/pts in container");
> > -		return -1;
> > +	/*
> > +	 * If we are running on a devtmpfs mapping, dev/pts may already exist.
> > +	 * If not, then create it and exit if that fails...
> > +	 */
> > +	if ( 0 != access(path, F_OK) || 0 != stat(path, &s) || 0 == S_ISDIR(s.st_mode) ) {
> > +		ret = mkdir(path, S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH);
> > +		if (ret) {
> > +			SYSERROR("Failed to create /dev/pts in container");
> > +			return -1;
> > +		}
> >  	}
> >  
> >  	INFO("Mounted /dev under %s\n", root);
> > @@ -2369,6 +2631,7 @@ struct lxc_conf *lxc_conf_init(void)
> >  
> >  	new->loglevel = LXC_LOG_PRIORITY_NOTSET;
> >  	new->personality = -1;
> > +	new->autodev = -1;
> >  	new->console.log_path = NULL;
> >  	new->console.log_fd = -1;
> >  	new->console.path = NULL;
> > @@ -3136,7 +3399,89 @@ int ttys_shift_ids(struct lxc_conf *c)
> >  	return 0;
> >  }
> >  
> > -int lxc_setup(const char *name, struct lxc_conf *lxc_conf, const char *lxcpath, struct cgroup_process_info *cgroup_info)
> > +/*
> > + * This routine is called when the configuration does not already specify a value
> > + * for autodev (mounting a file system on /dev and populating it in a container).
> > + * If a hard override value has not be specified, then we try to apply some
> > + * heuristics to determine if we should switch to autodev mode.
> > + *
> > + * For instance, if the container has an /etc/systemd/system directory then it
> > + * is probably running systemd as the init process and it needs the autodev
> > + * mount to prevent it from mounting devtmpfs on /dev on it's own causing conflicts
> > + * in the host.
> > + *
> > + * We may also want to enable autodev if the host has devtmpfs mounted on its
> > + * /dev as this then enable us to use subdirectories under /dev for the container
> > + * /dev directories and we can fake udev devices.
> > + */
> > +struct start_args {
> > +	char *const *argv;
> > +};
> > +
> > +#define MAX_SYMLINK_DEPTH 32
> > +
> > +int check_autodev( const char *rootfs, void *data )
> > +{
> > +	struct start_args *arg = data;
> > +	int ret;
> > +	int loop_count = 0;
> > +	struct stat s;
> > +	char absrootfs[MAXPATHLEN];
> > +	char path[MAXPATHLEN];
> > +	char abs_path[MAXPATHLEN];
> > +	char *command = "/sbin/init";
> > +
> > +	if (rootfs == NULL || strlen(rootfs) == 0)
> > +		return -2;
> > +
> > +	if (!realpath(rootfs, absrootfs))
> > +		return -2;
> > +
> > +	if( arg && arg->argv[0] ) {
> > +		command = arg->argv[0];
> > +		DEBUG("Set exec command to %s\n", command );
> > +	}
> > +
> > +	strncpy( path, command, MAXPATHLEN-1 );
> > +
> > +	if ( 0 != access(path, F_OK) || 0 != stat(path, &s) )
> > +		return -2;
> > +
> > +	/* Dereference down the symlink merry path testing as we go. */
> > +	/* If anything references systemd in the path - set autodev! */
> > +	/* Renormalize to the rootfs before each dereference */
> > +	/* Relative symlinks should fall out in the wash even with .. */
> > +	while( 1 ) {
> > +		if ( strstr( path, "systemd" ) ) {
> > +			INFO("Container with systemd init detected - enabling autodev!");
> > +			return 1;
> > +		}
> > +
> > +		ret = snprintf(abs_path, MAXPATHLEN-1, "%s/%s", absrootfs, path);
> > +		if (ret < 0 || ret > MAXPATHLEN)
> > +			return -2;
> > +
> > +		ret = readlink( abs_path, path, MAXPATHLEN-1 );
> > +
> > +		if ( ( ret <= 0 ) || ( ++loop_count > MAX_SYMLINK_DEPTH ) ) {
> > +			break; /* Break out for other tests */
> > +		}
> > +		path[ret] = '\0';
> > +	}
> > +
> > +	/*
> > +	 * Add future checks here.
> > +	 *	Return positive if we should go autodev
> > +	 *	Return 0 if we should NOT go autodev
> > +	 *	Return negative if we encounter an error or can not determine...
> > +	 */
> > +
> > +	/* All else fails, we don't need autodev */
> > +	INFO("Autodev not required.");
> > +	return 0;
> > +}
> > +
> > +int lxc_setup(const char *name, struct lxc_conf *lxc_conf, const char *lxcpath, struct cgroup_process_info *cgroup_info, void *data)
> >  {
> >  	if (setup_utsname(lxc_conf->utsname)) {
> >  		ERROR("failed to setup the utsname for '%s'", name);
> > @@ -3158,8 +3503,12 @@ int lxc_setup(const char *name, struct lxc_conf *lxc_conf, const char *lxcpath,
> >  		return -1;
> >  	}
> >  
> > -	if (lxc_conf->autodev) {
> > -		if (mount_autodev(lxc_conf->rootfs.mount)) {
> > +	if (lxc_conf->autodev < 0) {
> > +		lxc_conf->autodev = check_autodev(lxc_conf->rootfs.mount, data);
> > +	}
> > +
> > +	if (lxc_conf->autodev > 0) {
> > +		if (mount_autodev(name, lxc_conf->rootfs.mount, lxcpath)) {
> >  			ERROR("failed to mount /dev in the container");
> >  			return -1;
> >  		}
> > @@ -3197,7 +3546,7 @@ int lxc_setup(const char *name, struct lxc_conf *lxc_conf, const char *lxcpath,
> >  		return -1;
> >  	}
> >  
> > -	if (lxc_conf->autodev) {
> > +	if (lxc_conf->autodev > 0) {
> >  		if (run_lxc_hooks(name, "autodev", lxc_conf, lxcpath, NULL)) {
> >  			ERROR("failed to run autodev hooks for container '%s'.", name);
> >  			return -1;
> > diff --git a/src/lxc/conf.h b/src/lxc/conf.h
> > index 940d493..090c5b3 100644
> > --- a/src/lxc/conf.h
> > +++ b/src/lxc/conf.h
> > @@ -356,7 +356,9 @@ extern int lxc_clear_hooks(struct lxc_conf *c, const char *key);
> >  
> >  struct cgroup_process_info;
> >  extern int lxc_setup(const char *name, struct lxc_conf *lxc_conf,
> > -			const char *lxcpath, struct cgroup_process_info *cgroup_info);
> > +			const char *lxcpath,
> > +			struct cgroup_process_info *cgroup_info,
> > +			void *data);
> >  
> >  extern void lxc_rename_phys_nics_on_shutdown(struct lxc_conf *conf);
> >  
> > diff --git a/src/lxc/start.c b/src/lxc/start.c
> > index 3b2ba8f..3d2bc86 100644
> > --- a/src/lxc/start.c
> > +++ b/src/lxc/start.c
> > @@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ static int do_start(void *data)
> >  	#endif
> >  
> >  	/* Setup the container, ip, names, utsname, ... */
> > -	if (lxc_setup(handler->name, handler->conf, handler->lxcpath, handler->cgroup)) {
> > +	if (lxc_setup(handler->name, handler->conf, handler->lxcpath, handler->cgroup, handler->data) ){
> >  		ERROR("failed to setup the container");
> >  		goto out_warn_father;
> >  	}
> > -- 
> > 1.8.3.1
> > 
> > 
> > -- 
> > Michael H. Warfield (AI4NB) | (770) 978-7061 |  mhw at WittsEnd.com
> >    /\/\|=mhw=|\/\/          | (678) 463-0932 |  http://www.wittsend.com/mhw/
> >    NIC whois: MHW9          | An optimist believes we live in the best of all
> >  PGP Key: 0x674627FF        | possible worlds.  A pessimist is sure of it!
> > 
> 
> 
> 
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> > November Webinars for C, C++, Fortran Developers
> > Accelerate application performance with scalable programming models. Explore
> > techniques for threading, error checking, porting, and tuning. Get the most 
> > from the latest Intel processors and coprocessors. See abstracts and register
> > http://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/gampad/clk?id=60136231&iu=/4140/ostg.clktrk
> 
> > _______________________________________________
> > Lxc-devel mailing list
> > Lxc-devel at lists.sourceforge.net
> > https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/lxc-devel
> 
> 

-- 
Michael H. Warfield (AI4NB) | (770) 978-7061 |  mhw at WittsEnd.com
   /\/\|=mhw=|\/\/          | (678) 463-0932 |  http://www.wittsend.com/mhw/
   NIC whois: MHW9          | An optimist believes we live in the best of all
 PGP Key: 0x674627FF        | possible worlds.  A pessimist is sure of it!

-------------- next part --------------
A non-text attachment was scrubbed...
Name: signature.asc
Type: application/pgp-signature
Size: 482 bytes
Desc: This is a digitally signed message part
URL: <http://lists.linuxcontainers.org/pipermail/lxc-devel/attachments/20131119/b031cb0d/attachment.pgp>


More information about the lxc-devel mailing list